The word cholera is from Greek word “kholera” which means diarrhea. Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that is bacterium Vibrio choleras. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission is primarily through consuming contaminated drinking water or food.
Some slum dwellings as major sources of the high figures of the cholera outbreak in Ghana. Situation is so serious that people would have to avoid shaking hands at social gatherings, to be sure of not contracting the disease the speak of the disease keeps worsening due to the negative actions of residents of Accra, temale, etc, poor sanitation is the major cause of the cholera outbreak.
The Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing should de-silt the storm drain at some places in Accra particularly the affected area, since the cholera situation keeps increasing over there. A cholera case has been discovered at Avenor,Nima, Achimota, Chokor etc since the residents live in kiosks and containers, and defecate into the drain.
whiles most water bodies in urban centers are being destroyed by human activities which have created serious water shortage in the cities , there are also choked gutters a lot of people do not have access to potable drinking water for consumption.
People get diarrhea and vomiting and this can lead to rapid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The disease is caused by eating contaminated food hence eating cold food can lead to cholera. People should be educated to cover and warm their foods before eating. Parents should serve their kids with warm foods. Drinking any infected water and eating any foods washed in the water, as well as shellfish living in the affected waterway, can cause a person to contract an infection
Cholera is rarely spread directly from person to person. Both toxic and nontoxic strains exist. Nontoxic strains can acquire toxicity through a temperate bacteriophage. People infected with cholera often have diarrhea, and if this highly liquid stool, colloquially referred to as "rice-water," contaminates water used by others, disease transmission may occur. When people particularly, in the villages that are affected with cholera defecate in waterways or groundwater or drinking water supplies they are likely to speak the disease.
Government should provide pipe bone water instead of encouraging the construction of boreholes. Little is done by the assemblies to protect the river bodies as they watch people dump refuse and human waste in the water bodies. Although cholera may be life-threatening, prevention of the disease is normally straightforward if proper sanitation practices are followed. Water should be treated before drinking and we should keep our sanitation clean all the time. When this is done cholera will no longer be a health threat.
Materials that come direct into contact with cholera victims such as clothing, bedding, etc should be properly sterilized by washing in hot water, or using chlorine bleach if possible, also hands that touch victims or their clothing, etc should be cleaned and disinfected with chlorinated water or other effective antimicrobial agents.
In Ghana when it rains the water from the gutters enter the various water bodies we have and since this is where we get water for domestic purposes we should create a proper sewage system where we can encourage the use of antibacterial treatment of all general sewages by chlorine, ozone, ultraviolet light or other effective treatment before it enters the waterways or underground water supplies to help prevent undiagnosed patients from inadvertently spreading the disease.
Additionally people should be educated on how they can treat water before using them. For example, boiling and chlorination.
Purification of water used for drinking, cooking, washing, should be encourage, this can be done through, boiling, chlorination, antimicrobial filtration in should be done in any area cholera may be present.
Chlorination and boiling are often the least expensive and most effective means of halting transmission. Cloth filters, though very basic, have significantly reduced the occurrence of cholera when used in poor villages in Bangladesh that rely on untreated surface water. Better antimicrobial filters, like those present in advanced individual water treatment hiking kits, are most effective. Public health education and adherence to appropriate sanitation practices are of primary importance to help prevent and control transmission of cholera and other diseases.
In most cases, cholera can be successfully treated with oral dehydration therapy (ORT), which is highly effective, safe, and simple to administer. Rice-based solutions are preferred to glucose-based ones due to greater efficiency in severe cases with significant dehydration, intravenous dehydration may be necessary. Ringer's lactate is the preferred solution.
The environmentalist advocating for stringent laws that will ensure that all water bodies in urban centers are protected other agencies should join the crusade.Kisseiman area, where most residents have connected pipelines from their homes into the main drain. Public Health Inspectorate should remove all pipelines connected to the main drain to help curb the epidemic. Not only in these areas but in other places too. They should construct proper drainage system
People, who defecate into the drain, should be dealt ruthlessly with when caught in the act. They should go to the hospital when they see any symptoms of diarrhea.
